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Apartheid a. A game in which the players hide apart, with the object being to never to find each other. b. A sorrowful song that laments a secret parting. c. A system of supposedly "separate" development for Whites and non-Whites set up by the White-run South African government to perpetuate total White domination of South Africa. Practiced officially until the early 1990s. Literally, "apartness" in Afrikaans. Manifest Destiny a. Documentation required to be shown upon reaching your drop-off point after transporting goods from east to west across the United States. b. All-female hip-hop duo with the chart-topping hit, "Say My Last Name." c. Term coined in 1845 by John O'Sullivan, founder of the journal the Democratic Review, to proclaim a supposedly providentially and historically sanctioned right of the United States to expand throughout the continent. The difference between debt and deficit a. Debt = money owed to a credit card company. Deficit = interest rate on said credit card. b. No difference, they are synonyms. c. Deficit = difference between annual revenues (primarily tax revenues, in the case of governments) and annual expenses. Debt = total amount owed to individuals, corporations, state or local governments, foreign governments, and other entities outside the government. WTO a. Acronym for World Terrorist Organization, originally used by Osama bin Laden but abandoned when it got bad publicity because another group used the same acronym to mean something different. b. Wallon Tax Order, a recently formed American society trying to collect taxes from French speaking Belgians to pay for the Iraq war. c. World Trade Organization, the international organization, set up in 1995 a result of the final round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) negotiations, to promote and administer world trade and adjudicate disputes between member countries. The underlying trading rules override local and national laws in many areas under the guise of promoting free trade. IMF a. Code for "I Am French," used by French tourists to identify one another when in the United States. b. Institute for Monsters and Fools, an elite school in Manhattan in which the monsters end up on Sesame Street and the fools on Wall Street. c. International Monetary Fund, an international organization formed as a result of the 1944 United Nations Bretton Woods Conference, when governments agreed on a framework for economic cooperation and monetary issues to try avoid a repetition of the Great Depression of the 1930s. The IMF, now made up of 184 member governments, imposes economic "reform" policies, such as budget cuts and reductions in "subsidies" to the poor, on poor countries that ask for loans when they have shortages of foreign exchange. None of these countries have emerged from their debt problems and many have accrued more debt. The United States is the only country that holds de facto veto power in the IMF because of the way voting rights are structured.
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Institute for Energy and Environmental ResearchJune 2003